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BatmanDCC




Things that are good to know about

Supplements

                      Batman



by batsmom » Thu Jan 17, 2013 12:43 pm
Here are my contributions on this thread for what it’s worth.


First, I had better make sure to say that while I may have come from a family of physicians the closest thing to a physician that I am is just that…simply the daughter and sister of those who were or are. Being the youngest, I was probably more the “pain in the neck” than the healer of the family. In fact, consider me more that than the other, it would be a far safer thing. Perhaps I was such a pain I just may have helped to inspire my brothers to follow my dad’s profession and become doctors. All things do work together for good.

While I do not give medical advice, I will share what I have learned from personal experience, trial and error and due diligence. I say due diligence because it is important that each individual must do their own due diligence. Everyone should know about the supplement(s) they are taking - what it does, its effects and contraindications with other meds. It is very important to consult with the prescribing physician before beginning any supplement program beyond a one-a-day vitamin regimen. I realize this is common knowledge but all the same it must be said.

One should always consider that although something may work well with someone or even most for a particular situation and similar set of conditions, it does not necessarily mean that it will work the same with everyone or even as effectively for any number of reasons.

Finally, I realize this is a kitty forum and not a ‘supplementation for humans’ forum but these are important questions that have been asked and asked often and if it helps the mamas and the papas live healthier lives, avoid or better combat illness, then they can better care for their kitties as well as themselves. While there is some information about supplementation for our kitties, the bulk of information applies to humans and unless stated for kitties please know it refers to their beans.

I’ve tried to keep things as brief and to the point as possible, however, I’ve found that in the effort to give answers to certain questions, it opened up other doors that only led to more questions. With that in mind, I’ve included more information than may be necessary to anticipate a question that may follow.


This posed a problem, making it too voluminous as if one large block of information, therefore hard to read and difficult to quick reference. To avoid this and make it an easier read, each subject matter is broken down and separated into 4 subtopics: “Things to Know”; “Things to Look Out For”, “Interesting Facts”; and “Kitty Korner”.

“Things to Know” - general information – what it does, what it’s used for

“Things to Look Out For” - precautions and warnings

“Interesting Facts” - for anyone who wishes to read further about something or find interesting

“Kitty Korner” - for kitties

To be sure, one doesn’t have to read this in its entirety in one single dose. Please note that however way this is read, in pieces or in its entirety, or even as a reference, I only suggest that if anyone is thinking of taking any of the supplements listed, if you skip anything, please be mindful of the section “Things to Look Out For”. More importantly do your own due diligence so that you can utilize the supplement for what it is intended, get the desired benefits from it with the proper dosage amounts, combinations, times to take and in consultation with your primary care physician. Be ever mindful of the effects it may have with any prescribed medications.

Remember that in this regard to look at things by way of the word supplementation. A vitamin supplementation or any other kind of supplementation means exactly that – it is making an addition to something to make up for a deficiency. In pharmacology, it is defined as “a substance with a specific nutritional value taken to make up for a real or supposed deficiency in diet”. What you may lack from diet or require more of because of a condition or circumstance - required by the body to continue its normal functions or to heal itself - is essentially what we’re talking about with regards to supplementation; a supplement or addition to our daily intake of food and liquids in order to live and live well.

This brings the question of specific dosage amounts and the taking of supplements in combination to work synergistically.


Dosage Amounts
Unless we’re talking mfg’s recommendations it would be unwise to give any recommendations as it is so dependent upon many things specific to an individual’s condition and purpose for taking it. It is safer to say that such answers should be found in consultation with your primary care physician.

There is a simple truth about dosage amounts. As far as vitamins and herbal or mineral supplements go, there are generally safe recommended daily allowances (RDA) established - intended for the general populace. Following product label recommendations and warnings would be important but even that is more of a general guide and RDA is usually lower than what a person may require for obvious reasons. Obviously more precise dosage recommendations specific to the individual’s requirements and relating to their condition, age and even lifestyle, is better prescribed by their physician or perhaps a Licensed Nutritionist. There is always a fine balance specific to an individual’s needs, taking too much of a good thing could be harmful and too little may be simply ineffective for its purposes. Very much like the idea of insulin amounts for our kitties.


Combining of Supplements
Combining supplements is just as important as taking the correct dosage and the matter of knowing the effects of each helps to identify whether they will work synergistically to enhance results intended, even cancel each other out or be downright detrimental - especially in the case when taking certain supplements with prescribed meds. Here are a couple of examples.

We have probably all heard by now that garlic supplements combined with pomegranate may help to reverse atherosclerosis but we also know that garlic tends to thin the blood and lowers blood pressure. Therefore, a person taking prescription medication to lower blood pressure could cause serious complications by taking garlic at the same time as the prescribed medication - given the same effects. Very much like the considerations required for aspirin since it is also a blood thinner.

Another example is gingko biloba. Studies show that gingko can help to enhance circulation by dilating blood vessels. It is also reported to relieve symptoms of tinnitus (ringing of the ears). However, one should be cautious in taking gingko if they are already taking garlic as both supplements have similar effects with blood pressure.

Since protein, fats and carbohydrates and most vitamins and nutrients the body requires come from the food we eat, the same would apply. Although not as acute because it is less concentrated than supplements, there are combinations to be considered when it comes to food or drink; for example the warnings of taking alcohol with medications and so forth. But let’s take a more common and less known example, the practice of combining tea with lemon …

Now, to all my wonderful tea-drinking friends out there – take something as innocent as say ordering a nice long glass of ice tea at a sidewalk bistro. And there you sit contentedly sipping your tea while enjoying the full pleasure of a nice sunny day in the company of your sweetie pie or even in the company of a fine friend from DCC  (it could happen).  The moment is sweet but the cumulative effect of a practice so innocent may bring the promise of a not so sweet future but one of Alzheimer’s or other brain disorders. For it comes with that innocent and pretty slice of lemon attached to the rim of the glass. It may look pretty but unbeknownst until recently that is, the addition of the lemon to the tea actually encourages the aluminum in the tea to be absorbed into the body.

As far back as 1911 it was known that aluminum is toxic to the brain, but it was “assumed that aluminum was poorly absorbed in the GI tract and wasn't a significant problem. It became an issue after it began to be added to antacids in large amounts”. Consider the following study “Research shows that certain food components, such as citrate and malate (organic acids), can increase the absorption of aluminum as much as six times the normal rate. This means that all citrus fruits, such as lemons, grapefruit, and oranges, [which contain these organic acids] dramatically increase the absorption of aluminum from the GI tract and increase its entry into the brain”.

Why is this a tragedy? Because studies have shown that toxic metals in our environment “produce a slow degeneration of our nervous system” and that “one of those metals is aluminum, the third most common element on earth”. It should be noted here, “the number 1 food source for aluminum is soy products.”

I do not wish to go too much further into teas and its benefits because I was merely using it as an example for this segment of taking things in combination and as mentioned whether it enhances, cancels out or is detrimental. However, let me just say that there are different kinds of teas, primarily black, green, and white. Black tea, for both its process and origins like China, has the highest concentration of aluminum; and white tea, being very young buds at harvest, has the lowest. It is the catechins in the tea that gives it it’s most useful and powerful anti-oxidant properties. If anyone is interested in more about teas, I can write in greater detail if a question comes up about it.


Curcumin

Things to Know:
Said to be the “King of Anti-Inflammatories” curcumin studies show it to have many surprising beneficial properties. It is noted for its antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer agent, antiseptic, and anti-malarial properties, to name a few. Where you can find both over-the-counter products and prescription drugs to address any of these concerns, curcumin has no known damaging side effects to this date that are usually associated with pharmaceutical drugs. Not only is it reported to reduce blood cholesterol levels and “suppress symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes”, it has an important benefit that provides for a natural alternative to help prevent or at least slow down the unwanted process of oxidation in the body while fighting against inflammation.

Curcumin is not water soluble, mixing it with various oils or taking it with foods high in fats is required and as such greatly increases its absorption in the body thereby utilizing and maximizing its benefits. The body also absorbs curcumin more efficiently with fasting and is best when taken with good fats, such as olive oil, coconut oil, or with DHA supplementation.

Here is an excerpt discussing some research findings from the website I order from: http://www.turmeric-curcumin.com/. It is about ¾ down the page, under “The Rise of Curcumin”.

Extensive research over the past five decades has indicated that curcumin reduces blood cholesterol levels; prevents low-density lipoprotein oxidation; inhibits platelet aggregation; suppresses thrombosis and myocardial infarction; suppresses symptoms associated with type II diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease; inhibits HIV replication; suppresses tumor formation; enhances wound healing; protects against liver injury; increases bile secretion; protects against cataract formation; and protects against pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis. These divergent effects of curcumin seem to depend on its pleiotropic molecular effects, including the regulation of signal transduction pathways, and direct modulation of several enzymatic activities. Most of these signaling cascades lead to the activation of transcription factor.


Things to Look Out For:
Although it is reported there have been no known adverse side effects and that human studies have shown that taking as much as 10,000 mg of curcumin per day has little toxicity; nevertheless, I have found reports of rare occasions where certain individuals reported allergies, experiencing hives and/or an itchy rash called contact dermatitis. Others have developed diarrhea after taking higher doses of curcumin – over 8 grams/day.

Further, studies report that curcumin prevents the formation of gall stones and stimulates gallbladder contraction, which is a good thing in normal circumstances. However, for those who already have gallstones, the stimulated contractions may worsen the condition. It could cause a gallbladder attack or cause stones to lodge in the bile ducts, which would be most painful not to mention I would imagine quite dangerous.


Interesting Facts:
Curcumin is extracted from and is the principle flavonoid in the spice tumeric. Tumeric is a main staple of the Indian diet which is where its cancer fighting properties can be seen. India’s colon cancer rates are a fraction of those in the West. Absorption is greatly enhanced because the tumeric is mixed with fatty foods.


Kitty Korner:
Studies report that for the most part, curcumin is a safe supplement for cats. As with humans, dosage amounts are very high with minimal concern for toxicity.

Curcumin has shown some promising results in treating the most frequent fatal feline cancer, lymphoma, along with a variety of other type cancers. No specific research was found with respect to FIV therapy, however there is considerable evidence when it comes to treating HIV, most of which is positive. Some reports are promising when using curcumin to treat feline gingivostomatitis, hepatitis, diabetes, and inflammatory diseases such as pancreatitis, colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. However warnings suggest that curcumin can induce bile flow and should not be given to kitties who have impaired bile duct clearance.
possumcat wrote: ML - How much Curcumin do you give Bat and what are his cholesterol levels please.?


I give Batman about 1/8th to 1/4th capsule, 1x daily with 4 drops of fish oil for better absorption. As of June of 2012, Batman’s cholesterol level was at the high end of normal – 211 (normal being 82-218). Prior to that, his levels exceeded 750. I believe that the 2-4 drops of Milk Thistle every day has been quite effective in bringing his levels back in check.


possumcat wrote: The Curcumin I have is Jarrow Formula Turmeric concentrate Curcumin 95 500milligrams It say Turmeric concentrate 500mg (curcuma longa) (95% total curcuminoids) (rhizome) and judging from the site you logged this formula from Jarrow's is the same so I presume it is a good one. Would that be correct?

Jarrow is a good brand, the 95% total curcuminoids is the key, and while we don’t get curcumin from Jarrow, we use this brand for other supplements and find it to be of a higher quality overall.


possumcat wrote: ML You say that you take Curcumin. Do you take 1 tablet per day and is it for cholesterol?

We take curcumin primarily to combat the dangers of the oxidation of the bad cholesterol LDL. Preventing this oxidation reduces the risk and dangers of atherosclerosis occurring in the blood vessels. We also take it for its anti-inflammatory effects. Over the course of a day, we probably take about 10 - 500 mg capsules, give or take. Depending on meals, this amount may increase. For example, if meals contain more fats - good or bad – (fish or pizza) we will increase the amount of curcumin and take it immediately after eating to help prevent the oil from oxidizing.

Why is this of great importance? We know that the effects of oxidation manifests itself in aging, illness and chronic diseases. Effects of which are seen both readily in our outward appearances…skin, hair and so forth and not so readily seen but felt in our internal bodies, immune system, heart, lungs, vision and such.

Oxidation is a key trigger of inflammation, which by now most have become aware that inflammation is intricately involved in the causes of many debilitating and life-threatening conditions.

This oxidation continues in our lifetime as our bodies begin to falter in repairing itself or even in maintaining itself and the wearing down shows in the aging process. It is caused and helped along by what we take in or even what we fail to take in to fight against it. Smoking is an example of what someone may take in that damages their bodies and helps promote oxidation thereby speeding up their aging processes, suppressing their immune systems among other concerns such as inflammation, cancer and the like. In that respect, vitamins are examples of something we may fail to take in to help fight against the poisons/toxins we put into our bodies intentionally or otherwise, whether cigarettes, air pollution, toxic metals or unhealthy foods lacking the necessary vitamins and minerals to support our body’s normal functions and immune system.

For example, Vitamin C is said to be very important for someone who smokes. Studies have shown that smoking depletes Vitamin C in the body, robbing it of a much needed vitamin that it uses for several important functions. It stands to reason that someone who does smoke requires greater amounts of the vitamin than someone who does not.

Quite simply our diets and the addition of supplementation must be proactive rather than reactive and are key to living a longer but more importantly healthier life through a healthier and more aware lifestyle. For someone who doesn’t have a healthy diet and doesn’t get enough healthy foods where the vitamins may be found, they would obviously have a greater need for vitamin/mineral supplementation.

Our Secret Anti-inflammatory – Anti-oxidant Concoction
Yes, we make something of a “secret weapon” super anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant concoction in our household (well not so secret) and have done so for several years now on pretty much a daily basis … twice if possible. It is best taken on an empty stomach before meals for better absorption.

It begins with a base mixture of organic virgin coconut oil, which is warmed for better absorption. Add to it Vitamin E and other supplements including the following. Each capsule is broken open (separated) the contents of which are added to the coconut oil and mixed together well. In the case of Vitamin E, DHA and Evening Primrose Oil, which is GLA, the capsules are punctured and contents emptied into the mix, the capsules discarded. Stirred well and taken immediately followed by a Vitamin C (water soluble) and a Resveratrol capsule which is oil soluble and the oil just taken helps with its absorption into the body.

Curcumin -http://turmeric-curcumin.com/

Quercetin - http://www.vitacost.com/Doctors-Best-Quercetin-Bromelain

Vitamin E - http://www.acgrace.com/unique-e-vitamin-e/

CoEnzyme Q10 - http://www.vitacost.com/dynamic-health-coq-10-liquid/?NttSR=1

DHA - http://www.drugstore.com/natures-way-efagold-neuromins-high-potency-dha-200mg-softgels/qxp138959

Evening Primrose Oil (GLA) – an Omega 6 http://www.vitaminshoppe.com/store/en/browse/sku_detail.jsp?id=VS-2109#.UOoIFXcYMhU

Coromega Omega 3+D Squeeze Packets - http://www.drugstore.com/coromega-omega ... tid=183249

Vitamin C - http://www.vitacost.com/vitacost-advan-c-with-quercetin-citrus-bioflavonoids-1000-mg-per-serving-180-capsules-3/?NttSR=1

This may sound a bit involved but once you’ve done it once or twice, it is really very easy and taste is not an issue. I can say that from my experience, it is very effective for its purposes and I can feel the positive results from it. I am by no means suggesting that anyone follow this protocol nor am I promoting certain brands or sites. Links are included to give a better idea of the supplements we use, not necessarily the sites we get them from.

It is never too early or too late to start living healthy. As we get older we must be even more cognizant of that fact and arm ourselves with the knowledge required to be able to do so effectively.


possumcat wrote: Do you take anything else if you take this for cholesterol? I also take Vit c as a powder, Coq10 1 per day.


Co-Enzyme Q10

Things to Know:
Co-enzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant, said to be the first line of defense against oxidation of LDL cholesterol. It is found in every cell in the body, is a naturally occurring substance whose primary function is to generate life-giving energy for the cell. CoQ10 fights against atherosclerosis, removes dangerous excess iron, repairs damage to heart muscle, protects the brain against diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Lou Gehrig’s among many other benefits. It has also been known to help combat migraine headaches.

Like curcumin, CoQ10 is fat soluble, therefore powdered capsules are poorly absorbed and distributed by the body. There are better liquid versions of CoQ10 that will more readily be absorbed and utilized by the body.

As I’ve mentioned before, over-the-counter plant sterol products are also used to lower bad cholesterol as well.


Things to Look Out For:
CoQ10 is virtually safe in any amount, however some adverse side effects have been reported: loss of appetite, upset stomach, heartburn, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. As with other supplementation, always consult with your primary care physician before taking CoQ10.

Studies report that CoQ10 may increase the risk of abnormal bleeding or inhibit the blood’s ability to clot. Caution should be taken if you have a bleeding disorder or are taking blood-thinning medications. Ginkgo biloba also has anti-coagulant effects and should not be taken with CoQ10. MedlinePlus advises caution about taking CoQ10 if the liver is injured or damage is present as CoQ10, acetaminophen and alcohol all have adverse effects on the liver.


Interesting Facts:
Many foods contain CoQ10, especially meats. Although CoQ10 is manufactured in the body, the amount of CoQ10 in cells is primarily dependent on our diet. At the same time, CoQ10 deficiency is very common, especially among the elderly. This is probably due to the lack of sufficient vitamins and minerals taken and because stress and disease can make CoQ10 fall to critically low levels.

Reports show that many diseases cause CoQ10 to fluctuate significantly and statin cholesterol lowering drugs lower CoQ10 in the body. Studies have been performed using supplementation with CoQ10 and Vitamin E individually vs. combining the two. When used alone, there was no measurable improvement in learning, however when combined, significant improvement was reported, especially the ability to learn rapidly.

For CoQ10 to provide its healthy benefits, it must exist in the reduced form and not become oxidized which can easily happen if CoQ10 is exposed to air or free radicals. It is recommended that CoQ10 and many other supplements be refrigerated to help protect them from oxidation.

If free-radicals are being produced by and running rampant in the body, the body’s store of CoQ10 will become oxidized – if this happens, it is no longer protective but rather has become a free radical itself, causing further damage to the body. This explains why antioxidants need to be taken together. The combination allows them to be regenerated into the protective ‘reduced’ form.


Kitty Korner:
As with humans, Co-Enzyme Q10 is found in every cell in the body but as the years roll on, the kitty’s ability to produce it decreases over time. Some reports suggest that CoQ10 supports the immune system, increases the energy level in older animals, and has been successful in helping to curb periodontal disease, cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, and diabetes, among other conditions. Use however should be under the advisement and supervision of your veterinarian.

While there is no curative treatment for degeneration of the cerebellum of the brain in cats, there has been some promise shown in using Co-enzyme Q10 along with other medications.
possumcat wrote: Do you take any Vit E at all and if so how often?


Vitamin E

Things to Know:
Vitamin E is an antioxidant and has many functions in the body. It is important in lowering LDL cholesterol and enhances overall health. Like curcumin, it helps to prevent cholesterol from oxidizing, protects the cell membranes and the lining of arteries and can help boost immunity when taken with 200 mcg of selenium/day.

Vitamin E is also anti-inflammatory and helps to prevent atherosclerosis by slightly thinning the blood, preventing inflammatory cells from sticking to the artery wall, stimulating antioxidant enzymes among other specific characteristics. It fights oxygen free radicals, boosts immune function, protects against prostate cancer, prevents or delays macular degeneration. If taken in combination with Vitamin C (greater than 400 IUs a day for Vitamin E), it helps prevent Alzheimer disease.

The brand of Vitamin E we take is called Unique-E, which is reported as one of the highest quality in the market today. It is made by A.C. Grace & Company - http://www.acgrace.com/unique-e-vitamin-e/


Things to Look Out For:
It is important to know however, as with most everything, too much Vitamin E can be detrimental. It has been reported that doses at more than 2,000 IU can suppress the immune system.

It is also important to know that vitamin E taken by itself can oxidize. But if you take Vitamin C with E, the C prevents E from oxidizing itself, keeping it ready to protect against LDL cholesterol. Reports show that C and E work synergistically. Vitamin C studies show that the two taken together protect the brain and have a greater impact on preventing disease. So when you take E remember to take C!


Interesting Facts:
There are many forms of Vitamin E. Our bodies only recognize the natural form, designated as ‘d-’ (as in d-alpha-tocopherol). The synthetic form, designated as ‘dl’ (dl-alpha-tocopherol) has anti-oxidant activity as well, but it may actually inhibit the ‘d’ form from entering cell membranes. It is best to look for the natural type E.

Natural E is a collection of eight compounds derived from plants, including four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. In human studies, it was found that proteins in the liver specifically selected the natural form of vitamin E and essentially ignored the synthetic form. Human body tissues and blood retained much higher levels of natural E versus synthetic – at least 2 times greater. Other research suggests it takes 3 times the amount of synthetic vitamin E to equal the blood levels of natural vitamin E. Other research suggests that in pregnant women, the placenta delivers the natural form to the fetus more efficiently than the synthetic. Overall, the natural form is more biologically active than the synthetic.

Bottom line: Check the label to see if your vitamin E is ‘d-’ or ‘dl-’.


Kitty Korner:
Vitamin E is an important nutrient for cats. Among other things and as with humans, it functions as an antioxidant. It benefits the immune system in both young and old kitties. Much like in humans, the synthetic form is not as active or easily absorbed as the natural form. Nevertheless, the synthetic form is more commonly used and is less expensive.

The Vitamin E used in Batman’s raw diet is Jarrow Formula’s, Dry E-400, 400 IU, 100 Capsules. https://www.vitaminshoppe.com/p/solgar-vitamin-e-dry-400-iu-100-veggie-caps/sl-1481



possumcat wrote: Ros thank you for the info. If curcumin is a good as it says it is then it would be ok as well for anybody that has arthritis?


Arthritis
Remember that arthritis is caused by a form of inflammation and as earlier described curcumin is an anti-inflammatory.


possumcat wrote: Anybody take krill oil instead of fish oil and if so what is the difference please. With humans and also cats?


Krill oil vs. Fish oil

Things to Know:
Krill oil comes from the krill, small crustaceans in the oceans very much like shrimp. They feed on the phytoplankton and microalgae which are rich in antioxidants, which we then process it from them. For the most part, they are collected from the waters surrounding Antarctica - far from pollution (heavy metals, mercury, and PCB’s). Fish oil obviously comes from fish, who get it from feeding on the krill who got it from the phytoplankton. Yes, the old school lessons from childhood about the good old food chain. As expected, we process the fish oil from the fish much the way we do the krill oil from the krill.

However, the difference between krill oil and fish oil really doesn’t quite stop there. Before we go there, first just to make clear and just to get back to the basics. Both krill and fish oil contain omega 3 fatty acids. But what are the Omega 3’s and what are they good for?

Omega 3’s are 3 essential fatty acids (EFA’s): docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaneoic acid (EPA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which is a precursor to DHA/EPA. They are “essentials” not made by the body and must therefore be consumed - either in food or supplementation. EFA’s help reduce inflammation associated with arthritis, IBD and other inflammatory conditions in the body, all the way down to the cellular level and can help prevent certain heart problems, maintain healthy blood pressure, regulate blood clotting, lower triglycerides, maintain ideal cholesterol levels among many other important health benefits.

Now, about the Krill - we are actually using the oil for the properties of the Omega’s rich in them, which lower free-radical levels and increase activity of antioxidant enzymes in the body. There is overwhelming evidence that Omega-3 Fatty Acids are the good fats the body requires; they greatly enhance virtually every cell in the body, including those in the brain. They are polyunsaturated fats and considered the “good guys”, and can be derived from a number of sources, namely plants, fish, algae and flaxseed. Other good fats are extra-virgin olive oil, extra-virgin coconut oil, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and conjugated linolenic acid (CLA).

If we get to know the ‘good guys’ , we should know the ‘bad guys’ as well and check the wanted posters so we can minimize our contact with them. Those would be such bad characters as the trans-fatty acids (partially hydrogenated fats found in vegetable oil) and certain omega-6 oils (corn, safflower, sunflower, peanut, canola and soybean).

And now the more specific differences between the two oils – krill and fish. It is reported that natural fish oil contains about 30% EPA and DHA and krill typically 14%. But before we declare fish oil the winner we should go deeper and see that while krill may contain less EPA and DHA, krill oil contains vitamins A and D as well as a very potent antioxidant called astaxanthin. According to Dr. Michael R. Eades, founder of Medi-Stat Medical Clinics in Arkansas, krill oil is 48 times more potent than fish oil.

Another difference is that the EPA/DHA in krill oil is in a phospholipid form as opposed to the triglyceride form in fish oil. It is reported that the phospholipid form is more easily absorbed by the body and may explain for the lack of the fishy aftertaste that sometimes comes with taking fish oil supplements. I understand the recommendation is to avoid taking krill if an allergy to shrimp exists although there has been no direct link to support this.

Some reported benefits of krill include combating inflammation, decreasing lipid and blood glucose levels, and significantly raising HDL levels in humans.

While we do take Mega-Red Krill on occasion, at the present, we primarily use Natures Way EfaGold® Neuromins®. http://www.naturesway.com/Products/Essential-Fatty-Acids-EFAs/45220-EfaGold-Neuromins-100-MG-DHA.aspx The only concern I have with this type is that the capsule contains carregeenan (carregeenan is on the list of excitotoxins).

Much like MSG and ‘high-fructose’ it is found in many consumable products; excitotoxins contribute to inflammation according to the Blaylock Wellness Report. Although it seems to be a very small amount of carregeenan which makes up part of the capsule, it does not affect us for our purposes as we discard the capsules after emptying the contents into the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant concoction described above.


Things to Look Out For:
Reports suggest that supplementation with krill seems to be relatively safe for most adults. Some side effects may be similar to fish oil: bad breath, heartburn, fishy taste, upset stomach, nausea, and loose stools. Although there is no concrete supporting evidence, it has been advised to use the supplement with caution if seafood allergies are thought to be present.

As with aspirin, ibuprofen and other anti-coagulant medications, krill appears to have properties that can slow blood clotting. Caution should be used if taking other anti-coagulant supplements and/or medications. It is suggested that krill supplementation be discontinued at least 2 weeks prior to a scheduled surgery. Evidence suggests that weight loss supplements prevent dietary fats from being absorbed. These supplements may decrease the absorption of krill oil when taken together. It is therefore recommended to take these type supplements at least 2 hours apart.


Interesting Facts:
There is krill oil and then there is fish oil. And all fish oils are not alike. For example, fish liver oils are not the same as fish body oils. Studies suggest that both cod liver oil and fish oil capsules are viable options for folks who don’t want to or are unable to eat fish at least twice a week or those suffering with fish allergies. While both contain the beneficial Omega 3’s, there are some differences that should be noted.

Manufacturing process: As it’s name suggests, cod liver oil comes from the liver of the cod and is available in liquid or capsules. Once steamed, the livers are then pressed to extract the oil. Fish oil comes from the flesh of many types of fish and is available in capsules. The flesh is pressed to extract the oil.

Vitamin content: Cod liver oil contains the fat-soluble vitamins A & D, which are stored in the liver. Unless the manufacturer adds A&D in the capsules, fish oil does not.

With respect to contaminants, fish oil capsules are thought to be safer than cod liver oil. Because the liver filters out substances from the body, cod liver oil may contain more contaminants (such as PCB’s). While contaminants and PCB’s tend to accumulate in the flesh of the fish, it does not normally collect in it’s oil. Overall, this suggests that fish oil capsules are relatively safer.


Kitty Korner:
Studies suggest that supplementation of Omega 3’s in cats can help decrease inflammation throughout the body, reduce inflammation associated with arthritis, provide support in retina and visual cortex development, slow the development and spread of certain cancers in some cases and provide many other health benefits.

Fish body oils are by far the most effective method for supplementing your cat’s diet with omega-3 fats. Other sources include salmon oil, tuna oil, and anchovy oil. Evidence shows that cats should be given fish body oils, not fish liver oils. Cats have a much lower requirement for Vitamin D and too much can cause urinary stones and mineralization and calcification of tissues and organs. Because both krill and cod liver oils contain vitamin D some would argue that it is advisable to stick with fish body oils and not krill or cod liver oil.

Research suggests that cats cannot convert the fatty acid ALA (from vegetable sources) into DHA and do not require it in their diets, therefore the DHA and EPA found in fish body oil are more beneficial. Fish body oils provide greater tissue levels of essential fatty acids than oils from other sources.

Omega 3’s are sensitive to oxygen and easily damaged by heat. Because of this and due to the extreme processing method used to produce commercial pet food, EFA’s tend to lose their bioavailability. In cats, Omega-3 deficiency can show itself in muscle weakness, lack of motor coordination, eye problems, flaky skin and immune system dysfunction.

How much to supplement? It depends on the current diet. If consuming a raw diet rich in naturally occurring omega 3’s, then not as much supplementation is needed. However, if on dry food  they need to first be taken off the kibble. If this cannot be done for whatever reason, then a higher amount should be added. Just remember that kitties who are older and have more inflammation or degenerative diseases going on have much higher omega 3 requirements than the younger kitties do with no obvious signs of inflammation.


Alpha-Lipoic Acid

Things to Know:
Alpha-Lipoic Acid is another powerful antioxidant that stimulates cells to produce energy, much like CoQ10 and L-carnitine. It is found in blood and tissue fluids – virtually every part of the body. Alpha-lipoic acid can lower blood sugar by improving glucose control in type-1 and type-2 diabetics and protecting insulin-secreting cells in the pancreas from free radical damage. It also removes poisons from the body - including the brain - increases levels of CoQ10, and directly blocks excitotoxicity in the brain.

Studies show that alpha-lipoic acid increases the effectiveness of other antioxidants when taken in combination with them.


Things to Look Out For:
Reports indicate that although taking large doses of alpha-lipoic acid is relatively safe, it can deplete the body of biotin – an essential vitamin. Some nutritionists recommend supplementation with a multi-vitamin.

Because alpha lipoic acid helps transport glucose out of the blood stream and into the cells – great news for diabetics – those who are non-diabetics or suffering from hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) should consult with their primary care physicians before taking this supplement. Taken in incorrect dosage amounts and/or at the wrong time could result in lower than desired blood levels. Evidence suggests that taking the mixed alpha-lipoic acid, not the R-lipoic acid may prevent problems with hypoglycemia.

It has also reported that alpha-lipoic acid, especially the R-form, can trigger a migraine attack.


Interesting Facts:
Alpha lipoic acid was found to be effective in protecting against radiation damage and was used in the Soviet Union to treat Chernobyl disaster victims in the 1980’s.

Only recently did alpha-lipoic acid become available in 2 forms (S- and R-form) - the most effective being the R-form. Prior to that it was only available in a mixed form containing both S-and R-forms.

A report in the journal Archives of Dermatology showed that alpha-lipoic acid improved wound healing in both diabetic and normal animals. Other reports maintain that because curcumin also aids in wound healing, when these two supplements are combined, the results are generally even better.

Several studies have shown that the frequency and severity of asthma attacks can be reduced with alpha-lipoic acid supplementation, especially when combined with Vitamin C, hesperidin, quercetin and omega-3 fatty acids.

Other findings suggest that alpha-lipoic acid can reduce the damage caused by multiple sclerosis and reverse harmful effects of high-fructose diets.


Kitty Korner:
There is evidence that alpha-lipoic acid is toxic for cats and produces hepatocellular toxicity. It should not be given to kitties.


possumcat wrote: PS - What about L.Caritine. I also have that but not sure if I should take it with Curcumin.?


L-Carnitine

Things to Know:
L-Carnitine has anti-inflammatory qualities and helps the body turn fat into energy. It is credited for protecting the heart and kidneys from failure, enhancing blood circulation, and plays a key role in metabolism of fats necessary for energy production. Speaking of the aging we all must battle, interestingly enough, acetyl l-carnitine in combination with alpha-lipoic acid can slow or even reverse the aging of the brain.

This is great news for any one of us but even more so people who may suffer from Alzheimer’s, dementia, and any other such brain disorders. Consider this statement “When combined with supplements like alpha-lipoic acid, vitamins E and C, CoQ10 and multivitamins, the deterioration associated with these diseases can be slowed.”


Things to Look Out For:
Findings suggest that generally speaking, folks taking L-carnitine and acetyl-l-carnitine are able to tolerate higher doses, although some experience mild stomach irritation. It has been reported that due to the acetylcholine produced in higher doses, acetyl-l-carnitine can cause agitation, worsen seizures in those who suffer seizures, cause muscle spasms and twitching of the face and eyelids. One solution to the twitches is to cut back on the dosage amount or switch to L-carnitine.


Interesting Facts:
L-carnitine (along with acetyl L-carnitine) is one of four critical nutrients/supplements keeping the human body healthy; the other three being co-enzyme Q10, Idebenone (the synthetic form of CoQ10) and alpha-lipoic acid.

Carnitine is naturally made in the liver and kidneys, manufactured from 2 amino acids (lysine and methoinine) and is stored in the heart, brain and skeletal muscles.


Kitty Korner:
L-carnitine is essential for cellular production, acts as a transport for fatty acids, and is important for muscle tissue to receive energy and function normally. Cats that are deficient in l-carnitine can suffer a variety of health problems, most significantly a condition associated with a disease of the heart, dilated cardio-myopathy (DCM).

L-carnitine is suitable for kitties in certain situations, however as noted in the College of Knowledge (http://www.diabeticcatcare.com/DCCCOK/Pancreatitis.htm ) acetyl l-carnitine is not to be given to cats at any time.


Apple Cider Vinegar

Things to Know:
Vinegar is used as a folk remedy/medicine, touted as a “cure for everything”; it has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral properties. It is purported to treat numerous health conditions, diseases and annoyances - from a sore throat to a stubborn stain. It can be taken internally, applied topically, used as a fungal and pest control and as a disinfectant in cleaning.

There are many ‘types’ of vinegar. Apple cider vinegar is at the top of the list when it comes to its nutritional value, medicinal and healing properties. It is said to cure allergies, skin conditions, joint pain, leg cramps and ear infections to name a few.

Research suggests that ACV has helped lower glucose and cholesterol levels. Other reports indicate ACV may lower high blood pressure and assist in weight control. A few studies have found that it may in fact be able to kill cancer cells or at least slow the growth of these cells. It can also convert some toxins in our bodies into less toxic substances.

Remember that this vinegar is derived from apples. Its no wonder then that its benefits can apply as well to a saying in medieval England, where it was said “to eat an apple before going to bed will make the doctor beg his bread” and later said by Benjamin Franklin “an apple a day keeps the doctor away”.


Things to Look Out For:
Consuming small amounts of ACV seems to pose no major health threat nevertheless there are certain risks to keep in mind. Larger amounts taken for longer periods of time or taken with other supplements or prescription medications may cause undesirable consequences. Reportedly, too much ACV can lower bone density or cause low potassium levels. Very low potassium levels can be potentially fatal considering potassium aids in the proper functioning of nerves and the heart. If that is the case, remember then foods high in potassium such as salmon, spinach, white beans and bananas to name a few.

Studies show other interactions are possible when taken with diuretics or laxatives, and that the chromium in vinegar can alter insulin levels. ACV may help lower glucose levels and can therefore be problematic for those with uncontrolled blood sugar levels or non-diabetics as low blood sugar can deprive the brain of glucose and seizures could result.

Acetic acid is the main ingredient of ACV, making it acidic. Recommendations are that it be diluted with water or juice before being consumed to protect tooth enamel from eroding and possible burning sensations in the throat and esophagus.
Although acidic, there appears to be no definitive consensus on whether ACV raises or lowers the body’s pH levels. Some experts suggest that ACV has an alkaline effect on our bodies while others claim otherwise. Whether ACV raises, lowers or in its own way does one or the other to help balance out our body’s pH, it is an individual concern and the condition at the time of taking it. A simple pH test can be done to ascertain the effects it may have on one’s pH levels.


Interesting Facts:
Vinegar has been used by many cultures for thousands of years. Hippocrates, the father of medicine, prescribed it for his patients. Julius Caesar’s armies drank vinegar and water for its antiseptic benefits. The Babylonians produced vinegar from dates in 5000 B.C. It was used for superior strength by Japan’s Samurai warriors and used by Hannibal’s armies in the Alps. Vinegar is referenced in the Bible and was used for both its culinary and medicinal effects.

Vinegar is the result of the process of fermentation. First comes alcohol, made when yeast converts the sugar in fruits or grains. When oxygen molecules interact with tiny bacteria called vinegar bacillus, the alcohol is then converted into acetic acid, the primary element in vinegar. Vinegar has the same essential nutrients as the ingredients used to make it … and then some, namely enzymes and amino acids; in its final form, it consists of mostly water, has about 2 calories per tablespoon, no fat and very low sodium.

The flavor and strength is dependent on the processing techniques and ingredients used. In Europe, grapes are used; in China and Japan – rice; coconuts in the Philippians; in Malaysia - pineapple; Mexico uses cactus while in America, apples are used.

I read that in the early 18th century, the prevalent drink in England was beer; in France, wine; and in America, hard cider which has about an 8% alcohol content. So if we walked into a pub in England in the 1700’s I’d imagine there would be much of the ale flying with ye olde time merriment on the wing.

And if we happened to step back in time and have a drink with George Washington or Thomas Jefferson in America’s colonial times we would most probably be having a glass of hard cider, perhaps even downing a toast with Paul Revere before his famous ride. It is said that John Adams had a glass of hard cider every morning.

In any event, hard cider is a step away from the process of ACV. For that matter so is wine, etc. The transformation of the alcohol to acetic acid means there is no longer any alcohol content in it, in case there are any alcohol concerns.

Processing of vinegar has a great impact on flavor and health benefits. If vinegar is over processed, diluted, pasteurized, highly filtered and overheated, many of the health benefits can be diminished or lost altogether. It is best to read the label and choose one with minimal processing. Aged is good – as long as it is aged in wood, not plastic. Depending on the flavor, sediment in the bottom can be a good thing. When selecting apple cider vinegar, shake the bottle - if it has no sediment, the best parts have been filtered out and you may want to select another brand.

Vinegar types: generally there are 8: white, wine, malt, rice, balsamic, sherry, infused and apple cider.

White vinegar is not fermented but distilled from grains and is used for pickling and cleaning. Wine vinegar originated in Europe, resulting from the wine-maker’s adverse conditions. Unlike ACV, good wine vinegar is clear – pale gold from white wine, pink from red - and should have no sediment on the bottom. Malt vinegar is made from fermented malted barley – same relationship to beer as wine vinegar is to wine. Originating in northern European breweries, it was a way to get rid of bad beer. Rice vinegar, which can be red, black or white, was made by the Chinese 3000 year ago. It is usually sweet and full-bodied and adds flavor to most any food. Like ACV, quality rice vinegar will have sediment.

Balsamic vinegar has been made since the Middle Ages and comes from the province of Modena, Italy. It is thicker than the usual vinegar, the base being a concentrated syrup made from grapes with very high sugar content. True balsamic vinegar is aged at least 20 years – the oldest from 50 to more than 200 years old – making the cost right up there with caviar and fine old cognac. Sherry vinegar is made in southwest Spain, around Jerez, where sherry is produced. The best vinegars are aged for 20-30 years before bottling. Infused vinegar is any neutral flavored vinegar flavored with herbs, garlic, berries and certain flowers and is easy to make at home.

And then of course there is apple cider vinegar. As its name suggests, it comes from apple cider - the fermented juice of the apple. Some folks make it home-made. I have the recipe from the book “Amazing Apple Cider Vinegar”. If anyone is interested, I will post the book’s instructions and recipe of how to make it.


Kitty Korner:
Considered a natural remedy for infections, infestations, skin and other ailments, ACV can be added to a kitty’s food or water or diluted for topical use. Some have reported its effectiveness as a flea or tick repellant by spraying a diluted mixture or applying a drop or two on the nape of the neck.
possumcat wrote: so do you put a drop of ACV into bats water please?

Batman usually gets 2 drops of ACV in 1 meal a day. Because he will not drink from a water bowl (without turning it upside down), I mix it right in his food … and add a little water to that. Started this protocol to combat the UTI’s – he’s not had once since.

If ACV is used, remember too much is not good. Where a teaspoon in an 8oz glass of water is OK for humans, being so small by comparison, only a drop or two is needed for kitties. Also, with prolonged use, based on the warnings for humans, it’s best to keep an eye on potassium and pH levels.


PH levels
The question about pH has come up while writing about ACV. What is the human body’s normal pH range? What is a cat’s normal range? Why should we be aware of our pH levels and how do we maintain our pH within normal range? Much like testing for blood cholesterol levels or glucose levels, triglycerides or even blood pressure, it’s good to test and ascertain our pH levels and verify if it is in the proper range for optimal body function.

Since this post has gotten a bit long, perhaps I can follow up in the near future and open up a discussion about pH levels and of the importance of it if someone is interested to go further with it. Suffice it to say, that pH is a set measured value on a scale for everything from water to soil, from the foods we eat and drinks we consume.

Proper pH levels for all living creatures is important. From acid or alkaline loving plants, each type thriving on different requirements, to cats being more acidic than humans. Whether plants, fish in the sea, animals on land or us humans, proper pH balance is a necessary requirement to thrive.

So why is knowing your pH balance important? When it is out of balance whether becoming too acidic or too alkaline, we are more likely to suffer many health problems. The following is a list of just a few symptoms of being too alkaline or to acidic. The list is far too long to be all-inclusive.

If too alkaline it is said to cause conditions including light-headedness, confusion, hand tremors, or sensations of numbness or tingling in the face, arms or legs. Folks at the onset of a cold are usually in the more alkaline range as well.

If on the other side of the scale, that being too acidic, symptoms are listed as lack of energy, constant fatigue, loss of physical tone and psychic drive, sensation of heaviness in the limbs, feelings of inability to cope, lower body temperature, tendency to get infections, loss of drive, joy and enthusiasm, depressive tendencies, nervousness, agitation without cause, hyperactivity, sensitivity to high-pitched noises and easily stressed, headaches, inflammation of the corneas and eyelids… etc. etc. Further, if in this prolonged state, it is said that the cells deteriorate and eventually die.

Conversely, if in the proper balance it promotes optimum health, discourages disease and helps the body heal faster. How to keep it in balance whether raising it or lowering it and how to maintain it and how to test for it may be part of the discussion for another time if anyone has an interest.

Hope this helps someone in some way or simply gives food for thought or adds to the awareness for ourselves and our kitties. And Heather I do hope this answers your much long overdue questions and those were great questions by the way. If anyone wishes to expand on a certain topic or delve deeper into something in particular, we can do that.

Thanks everyone and live well!  

References include:

Blaylock Wellness Reports; Livestrong.com; University of Maryland Medical Center; WebMD.com; National Institutes of Health (NIL.gov); Texas A&M University (TAMU); US National Library of Medicine; MedLine Plus; Issue of Nutrition Science News, Oct 2001; Regional College of Veterinary Medicine - Veterinary Teaching Hospital; Bioavailability of Curcumin: Problems and Promises - Molecular Pharmaceuticals; Holisticpetinfo.com; PetEducation.com; Indian Pet Journal.com; The Chiropractic Resource Organization (chiro.org); Earth Clinic’s Apple Cider Vinegar; Keats Publishing’s Amazing Apple Cider Vinegar; The Vinegar Anniversary Book; Newsmax.com; The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® (ASPCA); pHIon.com; About.Com.Cats; http://www.metaphoricalplatypus.com; http://www.petshed.com/petcyclopedia; Simopoulos AP, Robinson J. The omega plan. New York: HarperCollins Publishers- 1998.
 

Last edited by batsmom on Sun Jan 20, 2013 4:47 pm, edited 1 time in total.
Mary Lou & Batman


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